Knapp WeatherSat Services LLC

A company dedicated to supporting stakeholders that benefit from weather and climate data and research.

GridSat-B1

Gridded Satellite (GridSat) B1 data

Overview

GridSat-B1 is one of NOAA’s first operational Climate Data Records (CDRs), providing a long-term, consistent record of global infrared brightness temperature observations from geostationary satellites. Developed to support critical climate monitoring and research applications, GridSat has established a reputation as a foundational dataset for understanding long-term climate trends and variability.

As a pioneering climate data record, GridSat merges observations from multiple geostationary satellites spanning several decades, creating a seamless, calibrated dataset that enables researchers and decision-makers to analyze climate patterns and changes over time. The product continues to evolve with modernization efforts to incorporate next-generation satellite capabilities while maintaining scientific continuity with the historical record.

Data access

HTTPS bulk access

Data for 1980-present are available by HTTPS download

NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD) - AWS

The full period of record is available on the cloud:

  • Description: Gridsat B1
  • Resource type: S3 Bucket
  • Amazon Resource Name (ARN):arn:aws:s3:::noaa-cdr-gridsat-b1-pds
  • AWS Region: us-east-1
  • AWS CLI Access (No AWS account required): aws s3 ls –no-sign-request s3://noaa-cdr-gridsat-b1-pds/
  • Explore: Browse Bucket

Presentations and papers

Data Description

GridSat-B1 integrates infrared brightness temperature observations from the global constellation of geostationary weather satellites, including:

  • Temporal extent: Multiple generations of various geostationary platforms: Meteosats 2 - 11, GOES 4 - 19, and Himawari 1-8. This data spans decades of data but provide a temporally consistent record.
  • International Partners: Data from JMA, EUMETSAT and other international geostationary satellite operators
  • Global Coverage: Near-continuous observations from the full geostationary satellite constellation

The dataset employs sophisticated calibration methodologies to ensure consistency across different satellite platforms and generations:

  • Inter-satellite Calibration: Advanced procedures using reference datasets including HIRS and VIIRS Global Area Coverage (VGAC) data
  • Matchup Algorithms: Matching ISCCP B1 with HIRS and VIIRS for next-generation calibration
  • Quality Assurance: Comprehensive validation frameworks maintaining data integrity and climate record consistency
  • Long-term Continuity: Careful assessment procedures to ensure seamless extension of the climate record across satellite transitions

Applications

GridSat-B1 serves diverse scientific and operational applications:

  • Humanitarian Response: Critical data source for USAID drought monitoring and early warning systems
  • Climate Research: Foundational dataset for studying long-term climate trends, variability, and change
  • Weather Pattern Analysis: Supporting research on tropical systems, convection, and large-scale atmospheric circulation
  • Historical Climate Studies: Enabling analysis of multi-decadal climate patterns and trends
  • Operational Monitoring: Providing consistent observations for ongoing climate assessment and reporting

The established quality and long temporal extent make GridSat particularly valuable for applications requiring reliable historical climate information.

Technical Details

GridSat-B1 employs robust methodologies designed to meet NOAA Climate Data Record standards:

  • Processing Framework: Operational algorithms following NOAA CDR Program requirements and documentation standards
  • Calibration Approach: Evolving methodologies incorporating advanced reference datasets for improved accuracy
  • Validation Procedures: Comprehensive comparison with historical records and reference datasets to ensure climate continuity
  • Quality Control: Multi-level quality assurance procedures maintaining GridSat’s established reputation
  • Modernization: Ongoing upgrades to integrate next-generation satellite capabilities while preserving data record integrity
  • Automation: Sustainable operational processing designed for long-term climate data stewardship

The technical implementation emphasizes maintaining scientific integrity while ensuring operational continuity, leveraging decades of experience in satellite climate data production to deliver a reliable, trusted climate data record.